1. Класифікація м’ясопереробних підприємств 

21.03.2018 admin ПОТОКОВО-ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНІ ЛІНІЇ ТА М’ЯСОПЕРЕРОБНІ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА 106

Картинки по запросу м'ясопереробні підприємства україни

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“Становлення, розвиток і сучасний стан переробки м’яса в Україні та світі”

Підприємства для обробки і переробки м’яса умовно можна розділити на три групи.

До першої відносяться найпростіші підприємства з первинної обробки худоби або птиці – бойні і холодобойні.

У залежності від потужності бойні оснащуються окремим обладнанням або комплектними технологічними лініями для забою і первинної обробки худоби та птиці. Холодобойні відрізняються від боєнь наявністю холодильника для короткочасного зберігання підмороженого м’яса, або тривалого – замороженого.

Другу групу складають чисельні спеціалізовані підприємства по переробці продуктів забою – м’ясопереробні заводи, желатинові і клейові заводи, заводи з виробництва органопрепаратів, утилізаційні заводи з виробництва тваринних кормів, технічного жиру, добрив і т.д.

До третьої відносяться м’ясокомбінати – підприємства з комплексної переробки худоби і всіх продуктів забою. Якщо при м’ясокомбінатах знаходиться цех з забою і комплексної переробки птиці, або консервний, то вони звуться, відповідно, м’ясоптицекомбінат і м’ясоконсервний комбінат. При великих птицефабриках м’ясного напрямку можуть функціонувати птицекомбінати – підприємства з забою і комплексної переробки птиці і всіх продуктів забою.

До складу м’ясокомбінату входять такі цехи:

  • передзабійного утримання і забою;
  • м’ясожировий;
  • холодильний;
  • м’ясопереробний;
  • птицезабійний;
  • консервний;
  • дитячого харчування.

М’ясожировий цех м’ясокомбінату включає відділення:

М’ясопереробний цех включає відділення:

Найбільш питому вагу в м’ясній промисловості мають м’ясопереробні заводи, м’ясо- і птицекомбінати. У сільськогосподарському виробництві широке використання одержали м’ясопереробні (в основному, ковбасні) підприємства малої і середньої потужності.

М’ясопереробний завод – підприємство переробки м’яса тварин (ВРХ і свиней) на ковбаси – включає:

  • холодильний цех;
  • ковбасний цех.

Птицепереробний завод – підприємство забою птиці і переробки  тушок – включає:

  • забійний цех;
  • холодильний цех.

Основним показником, що характеризує м’ясо- і птицекомбінати, є потужність, що визначається кількістю одержуваного на підприємстві м’яса за зміну. Типові проекти передбачають потужність м’ясокомбінатів 30, 50, 100 і 200 т м’яса за зміну і птицекомбінат – 3, 5, 10, 15 і 20 т м’яса птиці.

Потужність м’ясопереробних заводів залежить від кількості виготовлених ковбасних виробів або м’ясних напівфабрикатів за зміну. Типові проекти передбачають потужність їх 10, 20 або 40 т.

У сільськогосподарському виробництві потужність м’ясопереробних підприємств звичайно не перевищує 2 т м’ясних продуктів за зміну. Такі підприємства одержали назву міні-заводів малої (до 1 т) і середньої (1 – 2 т) потужності.

У залежності від виду виробленої продукції технологічне обладнання міні-цехів малої потужності містить у собі 8 – 12 одиниць і займає площу 36 – 54 м2.

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