В окремі види фаршу додається шпик у формі кубиків.
Застосовують різні конструкції машин для різання шпику на кубики з розмірами сторін 4; 6; 8 і 12 мм. Вони мають назву шпигорізки.
Шпигорізка (рисунок 8) спочатку розрізає шпик на смуги. Нарізка на смуги виробляється двома ріжучими рамами, які мають ножі. Рух ножових рам перпендикулярний друг до друга. При русі ножові рами розрізають брусок шпику на смужки. Потім серповидний ніж розрізає смужки на кубики.
Площина різання серповидного ножа перпендикулярна до напрямку руху бруска шпику.
Шпигорізки бувають вертикальними, горизонтальними, з дисковими чи пластинчастими ножами, з механічною подачею продукту за допомогою рейкового чи гідравлічного живильника.
Шпигорізка горизонтальна Я2 – ФИА (рисунок 8) складається з приводного вала 1, на якому розташований серповидний ніж 2 і закріплений ексцентрик 3, що знаходиться у вильоті вилки 4, що з’єднана з рамкою 5, постаченої горизонтальними пластинчастими ножами 6. Відстань між ножами визначає розмір кубика, що нарізається. Рамка через кутовий, хитний на осі важіль, з’єднаний з аналогічною за конструкцією і розміром рамкою, з вертикальними пластинчастими ножами. Механізм, що ріже, встановлений у вихідного торця живильного короба 10, у який шпик просувається за допомогою штовхальника 9. Короб заповнюють вручну. Подачу регулюють, просуваючи рейку і змінюючи кут повороту рейкової шестірні, а в шпигоріках з гідравлічним живильником подачу сировини регулюють дроселюванням (зміною подачі робочої рідини в гідроциліндрі).
Рисунок 8 – Шпигорізка Я2-ФИА. Принципова схема різального вузла:
1 – приводний вал; 2 – серпоподібний ніж; 3 – ексцентрик; 4 – вилка; 5 – ножові рамки; 6 – пластинчасті ножі; 7 – вісь; 8 – кутовий важіль; 9 – штовхальник; 10 – короб живлення
Горизонтальна гідравлічна шпигорізальна машина ГГШМ (рисунок 9) складається зі станини, двосекційної камери для завантаження шпику, ножових рамок механізму, що ріже, серповидного ножа, приводу ножового вала й ексцентрика. На чавунній станині розташований гідравлічний рухомий циліндр на нерухомому штоці. На днищі циліндра є поршень, що подає шпик до механізму, який ріже, розташований під відкидним кожухом.
Рисунок 9 – Горизонтальна гідравлічна шпигорізка ГГШМ:
1– станина; 2 – кожух гідроциліндра; 3 – регулятор подачі шпика; 4 – привід ножового валу та ексцентрика; 5 – рукоятка включення; 6 – камера для шпика; 7 – різальний механізм; 8 – важіль, що гойдається; 9 – серповидний ніж; 10 – масляний шестеренний насос; 11 – електродвигун.
Машина приводиться у дію від електродвигуна через напівмуфту, насаджену на вал масляного шестеренного насоса. При цьому в обертання приводиться ножовий вал серповидного ножа, а ножові рамки починають робити зворотньо-поступальний рух від хитного важеля за допомогою шатуна й ексцентрика, насадженого на ножовий вал.
Подача шпику контролюється регулятором. Вмикають і вимикають шпигорізку рукояткою включення.
Вертикальна гідравлічна шпигорізна машина ФШГ (рисунок 10) складається зі станини, горизонтального і вертикального валів, шестеренного насоса, мастилопроводів, золотникової коробки, циліндра з траверсою, запобіжного клапана, ножових рамок, столу з приймачем, стопорного пристрою і перемикача.
Шматки шпику завантажують у прийомну камеру, що має дві секції. Після завантаження однієї із секцій шпиком вона повертається і встає під шток штовхальника, і при його переміщенні вниз шпик подається до механізму різання.
Механізм різання складається з пластинчастих ножів, закріплених у ножових рамках, і серповидного. Ножові рамки здійснюють зворотньо-поступальний рух у двох взаємно перпендикулярних напрямках горизонтальної площини. Серповидний ніж розташований під ножовими рамками і робить безупинний круговий рух за годинниковою стрілкою.
Рисунок 10 – Схема пристрою різального механізму вертикальної шпигорізки:
1 – живильний короб; 2 – вертикальна вісь; 3 – вал штовхача; 4 – поршень; 5 – брусок шпика; 6 – перша рамка; 7 – пластинчасті ножі; 8 – рамка ножа; 9 – ножі; 10 – серповидний ніж; 11 – вал серповидного ножа
Після проштовхування шпику через механізм різання в першій секції штовхальник піднімається і процес повторюється в другій секції. Отримані шматки шпику через похилий патрубок надходять у прийомну ємність. Швидкість подачі шпику в механізм різання регулюється кількістю мастила, що нагнітається у циліндр штовхача.
Технічну характеристику шпигорізок наведено в таблиці 3.
Таблиця 3 – Технічна характеристика шпигорізок
| Показник |
Шпигорізки |
|||
| ФШГ | ГГШМ | 221ФШО11 | Я2-ФИА | |
| Продуктивність, кг/г | 250-1000 | 300-600 | 330-1000 | 800-3400 |
| Розмір шматка м’яса або шпика, мм
|
4×4×4 | 4×4×4 | 4×4×4 | 6×6×6 |
| 6×6×6 | 6×6×6 | 6×6×6 | 8×8×8 | |
| 8×8×8 | 8×8×8 | 8×8×8 | 12×12×12 | |
| 12×12×12 | 12×12×12 | 12×12×12 | ||
| Установлена потужність, кВт | 4,0 | 2,2 | 4,0 | 10,2 |
| Габаритні розміри, мм | 1060×735×1907 | 1320×650×1140 | 980×960×1960 | 2190×2115 ×1800 |
| Маса, кг | 810 | 650 | 500 | 1610 |
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